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The Duchy of Lancaster is a royal duchy in England, held in trust for the sovereign〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/TheRoyalHousehold/Royalfinances/Sourcesoffunding/PrivyPurseandDuchyofLancaster.aspx )〕 to provide income for the British monarch. It is one of two royal duchies, the other being the Duchy of Cornwall, which provides income to the Prince of Wales. The duchy comprises land holdings, including rural estates and farmland, key urban developments, historic buildings and some commercial properties across England and Wales, particularly in Cheshire, Staffordshire, Derbyshire, Lincolnshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire and the Savoy Estate in London. In the financial year ending 31 March 2015, it was valued at circa £472 million.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Annual Report 2013 )〕 The sovereign is not entitled to the portfolio's capital or capital profits.〔 Revenue profits are distributed to the sovereign and are subject to income tax.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher=Royal Household )〕 The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is a government minister appointed by the sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister. The chancellor is answerable to parliament for running the Duchy.〔 The statement in the book is sourced to "Kenneth Clarke, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in Hansard, Standing Committee G, col 11, 17 Nov 1987"〕 The Duchy exerts some powers and ceremonial duties of the Crown in the historic county of Lancashire〔http://www.duchyoflancaster.co.uk/about-the-duchy/history/county-palatine/〕 which includes parts of modern Greater Manchester and Merseyside, and the Furness area of Cumbria. Since the Local Government Act 1972, The Queen in Right of the Duchy appoints the High Sheriffs and Lords Lieutenant in Greater Manchester, Merseyside, and Lancashire. ==History== The Duchy of Lancaster was created for a younger son of King Edward III, John of Gaunt, who acquired its constituent lands through marriage to the Lancaster heiress. As the Lancaster inheritance it dates to 1265, when Henry III granted his younger son, Edmund, lands forfeited by Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester. In 1266, the estates of Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby, another protagonist in the Second Barons' War, were added. In 1267 the estate was granted as the County, Honour and Castle of Lancaster. In 1284 Edmund was given the Manor of Savoy by his mother, Queen Eleanor, the niece of the original grantee, Peter II, Count of Savoy. Edward III raised Lancashire into a county palatine in 1351, and the holder, Henry of Grosmont, Edmund's grandson, was created Duke of Lancaster. After his death a charter of 1362 conferred the dukedom on his son-in-law John of Gaunt, Earl of Lancaster, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten for ever. The first act of Henry IV was to declare the Lancastrian inheritance be held separately from the other possessions of the Crown, and should descend to male heirs. This separation of identities was confirmed in 1461 by Edward IV when he incorporated the inheritance and the palatinate responsibilities under the title of the Duchy of Lancaster, and stipulated that it be held separate from other inheritances by him and his heirs. The Duchy thereafter passed to the reigning monarch and in 1760 its separate identity preserved it from being surrendered with the Crown Estates in exchange for the civil list. It is primarily a landed inheritance belonging to the reigning sovereign. In 2011, the Duchy established a re-balancing asset plan and sold most of the Winmarleigh estates farms and donated a plot of land to the Winmarleigh Village Hall committee by June 2012. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Duchy of Lancaster」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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